Treasury takeover of student loans faces recovery rates below 1%
HF
Hazel Falconer
student loan repayment policy · Apr 12, 2026
Source: The Digital Ledger Data Terminal
Defaulted student-loan borrowers may find it harder to resolve their accounts as the federal government shifts the management of their loans to the Treasury Department. The transfer begins with the accounts of defaulted borrowers, part of a broader goal to dismantle the Department of Education.
Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent stated the agency has the financial expertise to bring discipline to the program. However, a 2015 pilot program conducted by the Obama administration to determine if the Treasury could effectively collect on defaulted loans failed. The Treasury took over $80 million in defaulted accounts and recovered 0.38% of the portfolio. In comparison, a control group of private collectors recovered 3.4% of the portfolio.
The 2015 report found the Treasury proceeded slowly through the collections cycle and called borrowers less frequently than private collectors. Borrowers were also confused by contacts from a third party rather than the Department of Education. Former Education Secretary Arne Duncan noted that spreading systems across multiple agencies may force borrowers to call five to seven different agencies to resolve a specific issue. With 9 million borrowers currently in default, the transfer risks jeopardizing efforts to return borrowers to good standing.